Telling stories is how people shared knowledge, wisdom, and morals. Before writing, people only had stories to tell. And those stories could be different each time someone told them. Yes, people can memorise stories — but is it not better to transmit feelings and connect with your audience by adapting the story to them?
I always remember an exercise we did at school. Four classmates were chosen and taken out of the classroom. One of them read a short story aloud to those remaining inside, and then told it — not read it — to one of the classmates waiting outside, without the others hearing. That second classmate came in and told us the story: it was already slightly different. Then the second told it to the third, and so the process repeated. By the third retelling the story had changed noticeably, and by the time the fourth told it, it was completely different. This exercise helped us understand that stories can change — and distort — their original meaning with each retelling.
Psychologists call this the telephone effect — each retelling introduces small changes that compound into something unrecognisable. And that is one reason why stories like those in the Bible may contain inconsistencies or contradictions. Also because the way people communicated in ancient times was often more metaphorical or mystical. Should we take those stories literally? I would say no — and I would argue that we have been given the capacity to think and discern precisely so that we do not.






